《易经》·系辞下传

来源:优美情书网 时间:2018-02-07 09:14:56 责编: 人气:

第dì一yī章zhāng

八bā卦guà成chéng列liè,象xiàng在zài其qí中zhōng矣yǐ。 因yīn而ér重zhòng之zhī,爻yáo在zài其qí中zhōng矣yǐ。 刚gāng柔róu相xiàng推tuī,变biàn在zài其qí中zhōng矣yǐ。 系xì辞cí焉yān而ér命mìng之zhī,动dòng在zài其qí中zhōng矣yǐ。 

吉jí凶xiōng者zhě,贞zhēn胜shèng者zhě也yě。 天tiān地dì之zhī道dào,贞zhēn观guān者zhě也yě。 日rì月yuè之zhī道dào,贞zhēn明míng者zhě也yě。 天tiān下xià之zhī动dòng,贞zhēn夫fū一yī者zhě也yě。 

夫fū乾qián,确què然rán示shì人rén易yì矣yǐ。 夫fū坤kūn,聩kuì然rán示shì人rén简jiǎn矣yǐ。 爻yáo也yě者zhě,效xiào此cǐ者zhě也yě。 象xiàng也yě者zhě,像xiàng此cǐ者zhě也yě。 

爻yáo象xiàng动dòng乎hū内nèi,吉jí凶xiōng见jiàn乎hū外wài,功gōng业yè见jiàn乎hū变biàn,圣shèng人rén之zhī情qíng见jiàn乎hū辞cí。 

天tiān地dì之zhī大dà德dé曰yuē生shēng,圣shèng人rén之zhī大dà宝bǎo曰yuē位wèi。 何hé以yǐ守shǒu位wèi曰yuē仁rén。 何hé以yǐ聚jù人rén曰yuē财cái。 理lǐ财cái正zhèng辞cí,禁jìn民mín为wéi非fēi曰yuē义yì。 

第dì二èr章zhāng

古gǔ者zhě包bāo羲xī氏shì之zhī王wáng天tiān下xià也yě,仰yǎng则zé观guān象xiàng於yú天tiān,俯fǔ则zé观guān法fǎ於yú地dì,观guān鸟niǎo兽shòu之zhī文wén,与yǔ地dì之zhī宜yí,近jìn取qǔ诸zhū身shēn,远yuǎn取qǔ诸zhū物wù,於yú是shì始shǐ作zuò八bā卦guà,以yǐ通tōng神shén明míng之zhī德dé,以yǐ类lèi万wàn物wù之zhī情qíng。 

作zuò结jié绳shéng而ér为wéi网wǎng罟gǔ,以yǐ佃diàn以yǐ渔yú,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū离lí。 

包bāo羲xī氏shì没méi,神shén农nóng氏shì作zuò,遤mǎ木mù为wéi耜sì,揉róu木mù为wéi耒lěi,耒lěi耨nòu之zhī利lì,以yǐ教jiāo天tiān下xià,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū益yì。 

日rì中zhōng为wéi市shì,致zhì天tiān下xià之zhī货huò,交jiāo易yì而ér退tuì,各gè得dé其qí所suǒ,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū噬shì嗑kē。 

神shén农nóng氏shì没méi,黄huáng帝dì、 尧yáo、 舜shùn氏shì作zuò,通tōng其qí变biàn,使shǐ民mín不bú倦juàn,神shén而ér化huà之zhī,使shǐ民mín宜yí之zhī。 易yì穷qióng则zé变biàn,变biàn则zé通tōng,通tōng则zé久jiǔ。 是shì以yǐ自zì天tiān佑yòu之zhī,吉jí无wú不bú利lì,黄huáng帝dì、 尧yáo、 舜shùn,垂chuí衣yī裳shang而ér天tiān下xià治zhì,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū乾qián坤kūn。 

刳kū木mù为wéi舟zhōu,剡yǎn木mù为wéi楫jí,舟zhōu楫jí之zhī利lì,以yǐ济jì不bú通tōng,致zhì远yuǎn以yǐ利lì天tiān下xià,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū涣huàn。 

服fú牛niú乘chéng马mǎ,引yǐn重zhòng致zhì远yuǎn,以yǐ利lì天tiān下xià,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū随suí。 

重zhòng门mén击jī輮róu,以yǐ待dài暴bào客kè,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū豫yù。 

断duàn木mù为wéi杵chǔ,掘jué地dì为wéi臼jiù,臼jiù杵chǔ之zhī利lì,万wàn民mín以yǐ济jì,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū小xiǎo过guò。 

弦xián木mù为wéi弧hú,剡yǎn木mù为wéi矢shǐ,弧hú矢shǐ之zhī利lì,以yǐ威wēi天tiān下xià,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū睽kuí。 

上shàng古gǔ穴xué居jū而ér野yě处chù,后hòu世shì圣shèng人rén易yì之zhī以yǐ宫gōng室shì,上shàng栋dòng下xià宇yǔ,以yǐ待dài风fēng雨yǔ,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū大dà壮zhuàng。 

古gǔ之zhī葬zàng者zhě,厚hòu衣yī之zhī以yǐ薪xīn,葬zàng之zhī中zhōng野yě,不bú封fēng不bú树shù,丧sàng期qī无wú数shù,后hòu世shì圣shèng人rén易yì之zhī以yǐ棺guān椁guǒ,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū大dà过guò。 

上shàng古gǔ结jié绳shéng而ér治zhì,后hòu世shì圣shèng人rén易yì之zhī以yǐ书shū契qì,百bǎi官guān以yǐ治zhì,万wàn民mín以yǐ察chá,盖gài取qǔ诸zhū蓏luǒ。 

第dì三sān章zhāng

是shì故gù,易yì者zhě象xiàng也yě。 象xiàng也yě者zhě,像xiàng也yě。 彖tuàn者zhě材cái也yě。 爻yáo也yě者zhě,效xiào天tiān下xià之zhī动dòng也yě。 是shì故gù,吉jí凶xiōng生shēng,而ér悔huǐ吝lìn著zhe也yě。 

第dì四sì章zhāng

阳yáng卦guà多duō阴yīn,阴yīn卦guà多duō阳yáng,其qí故gù何hé也yě?阳yáng卦guà奇qí,阴yīn卦guà耦ǒu。 其qí德dé行háng何hé也yě?阳yáng一yī君jun1而ér二èr民mín,君jun1子zǐ之zhī道dào也yě。 阴yīn二èr君jun1而ér一yī民mín,小xiǎo人rén之zhī道dào也yě。 

第dì五wǔ章zhāng

易yì曰yuē:&ldquo
憧chōng憧chōng往wǎng来lái,朋péng从cóng尔ěr思sī。 &rdquo子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo天tiān下xià何hé思sī何hé虑lǜ?天tiān下xià同tóng归guī而ér殊shū途tú,一yī致zhì而ér百bǎi虑lǜ,天tiān下xià何hé思sī何hé虑lǜ?&rdquo

&ldquo日rì往wǎng则zé月yuè来lái,月yuè往wǎng则zé日rì来lái,日rì月yuè相xiàng推tuī而ér明míng生shēng焉yān。 寒hán往wǎng则zé暑shǔ来lái,暑shǔ往wǎng则zé寒hán来lái,寒hán暑shǔ相xiàng推tuī而ér岁suì成chéng焉yān。 往wǎng者zhě屈qū也yě,来lái者zhě信xìn也yě,屈qū信xìn相xiàng感gǎn而ér利lì生shēng焉yān。 &rdquo

&ldquo尺chǐ蠖huò之zhī屈qū,以yǐ求qiú信xìn也yě。 龙lóng蛇shé之zhī蛰zhé,以yǐ存cún身shēn也yě。 精jīng义yì入rù神shén,以yǐ致zhì用yòng也yě。 利lì用yòng安ān身shēn,以yǐ崇chóng德dé也yě。 过guò此cǐ以yǐ往wǎng,未wèi之zhī或huò知zhī也yě。 穷qióng神shén知zhī化huà,德dé之zhī盛shèng也yě。 &rdquo

易yì曰yuē:&ldquo
困kùn于yú石shí,据jù于yú蒺jí藜lí,入rù于yú其qí宫gōng,不bú见jiàn其qí妻qī,凶xiōng。 &ldquo子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo非fēi所suǒ困kùn而ér困kùn焉yān,名míng必bì辱rǔ。 非fēi所suǒ据jù而ér据jù焉yān,身shēn必bì危wēi。 既jì辱rǔ且qiě危wēi,死sǐ期qī将jiāng至zhì,妻qī其qí可kě得dé见jiàn邪xié?&rdquo

易yì曰yuē:&ldquo
公gōng用yòng射shè隼sǔn,于yú高gāo墉yōng之zhī上shàng,获huò之zhī无wú不bú利lì。 &ldquo子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo隼sǔn者zhě禽qín也yě,弓gōng矢shǐ者zhě器qì也yě,射shè之zhī者zhě人rén也yě。 君jun1子zǐ藏cáng器qì於yú身shēn,待dài时shí而ér动dòng,何hé不bú利lì之zhī有yǒu?动dòng而ér不bú括kuò,是shì以yǐ出chū而ér不bú获huò。 语yǔ成chéng器qì而ér动dòng者zhě也yě。 &rdquo

子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo
小xiǎo人rén不bú耻chǐ不bú仁rén,不bú畏wèi不bú义yì,不bú见jiàn利lì而ér不bú劝quàn,不bú威wēi不bú惩chéng小xiǎo惩chéng而ér大dà诫jiè,此cǐ小xiǎo人rén之zhī福fú也yě。 易yì曰yuē:&ldquo履lǚ校xiào灭miè趾zhǐ,无wú咎jiù。 &rdquo此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。 &ldquo

&ldquo善shàn不bú积jī,不bú足zú以yǐ成chéng名míng恶è不bú积jī,不bú足zú以yǐ灭miè身shēn。 小xiǎo人rén以yǐ小xiǎo善shàn为wéi无wú益yì,而ér弗fú为wéi也yě,故gù恶è积jī而ér不bú可kě掩yǎn,罪zuì大dà而ér不bú可kě解jiě。 易yì曰yuē:&ldquo履lǚ校xiào灭miè耳ěr,凶xiōng。 &rdquo&ldquo

子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo
危wēi者zhě,安ān其qí位wèi者zhě也yě亡wáng者zhě,保bǎo其qí存cún者zhě也yě乱luàn者zhě,有yǒu其qí治zhì者zhě也yě。 是shì故gù,君jun1子zǐ安ān而ér不bú忘wàng危wēi,存cún而ér不bú忘wàng亡wáng,治zhì而ér不bú忘wàng乱luàn是shì以yǐ,身shēn安ān而ér国guó家jiā可kě保bǎo也yě。 易yì曰yuē:&lsquo其qí亡wáng其qí亡wáng,系xì于yú包bāo桑sāng。 &rdquo&ldquo

&ldquo天tiān地dì絪yīn緼wēn,万wàn物wù化huà醇chún。 男nán女nǚ构gòu精jīng,万wàn物wù化huà生shēng。 易yì曰yuē:&ldquo三sān人rén行háng,则zé损sǔn一yī人rén一yī人rén行háng,则zé得dé其qí友yǒu。 &rdquo言yán致zhì一yī也yě。 &ldquo

子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo
君jun1子zǐ安ān其qí身shēn而ér后hòu动dòng,易yì其qí心xīn而ér后hòu语yǔ,定dìng其qí交jiāo而ér后hòu求qiú。 君jun1子zǐ修xiū此cǐ三sān者zhě,故gù全quán也yě。 危wēi以yǐ动dòng,则zé民mín不bú与yǔ也yě惧jù以yǐ语yǔ,则zé民mín不bú应yīng也yě无wú交jiāo而ér求qiú,则zé民mín不bú与yǔ也yě。 莫mò之zhī与yǔ,则zé伤shāng之zhī者zhě至zhì矣yǐ。 易yì曰yuē: &ldquo莫mò益yì之zhī,或huò击jī之zhī,立lì心xīn勿wù恒héng,凶xiōng。 &rdquo

第dì六liù章zhāng

子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo
乾qián坤kūn其qí易yì之zhī门mén邪xié?乾qián阳yáng物wù也yě,坤kūn阴yīn物wù也yě。 阴yīn阳yáng合hé德dé,而ér刚gāng柔róu有yǒu体tǐ,以yǐ体tǐ天tiān地dì之zhī撰zhuàn,以yǐ通tōng神shén明míng之zhī德dé。 其qí称chēng名míng也yě,杂zá而ér不bú越yuè。 於yú稽jī其qí类lèi,其qí衰shuāi世shì之zhī意yì邪xié?&rdquo

子zǐ曰yuē:&ldquo
夫fū易yì,彰zhāng往wǎng而ér察chá来lái,而ér微wēi显xiǎn阐chǎn幽yōu,开kāi而ér当dāng名míng,辨biàn物wù正zhèng言yán,断duàn辞cí则zé备bèi矣yǐ。 其qí称chēng名míng也yě小xiǎo,其qí取qǔ类lèi也yě大dà,其qí旨zhǐ远yuǎn,其qí辞cí文wén,其qí言yán曲qǔ而ér中zhōng,其qí事shì肆sì而ér隐yǐn,因yīn贰èr以yǐ济jì民mín行háng,以yǐ明míng失shī得dé之zhī报bào。 &rdquo

第dì七qī章zhāng

易yì之zhī兴xìng也yě,其qí於yú中zhōng古gǔ乎hū?作zuò易yì者zhě,其qí有yǒu忧yōu患huàn乎hū?

是shì故gù,履lǚ,德dé之zhī基jī也yě
谦qiān,德dé之zhī柄bǐng也yě复fù,德dé之zhī本běn也yě恒héng,德dé之zhī固gù也yě损sǔn,德dé之zhī修xiū也yě益yì,德dé之zhī裕yù也yě困kùn,德dé之zhī辨biàn也yě井jǐng,德dé之zhī地dì也yě巽xùn,德dé之zhī制zhì也yě。 

履lǚ,和hé而ér至zhì
谦qiān,尊zūn而ér光guāng复fù,小xiǎo而ér辨biàn於yú物wù恒héng,杂zá而ér不bú厌yàn损sǔn,先xiān难nán而ér后hòu易yì益yì,长zhǎng裕yù而ér不bú设shè困kùn,穷qióng而ér通tōng井jǐng,居jū其qí所suǒ而ér迁qiān巽xùn,称chēng而ér隐yǐn。 

履lǚ,以yǐ和hé行háng
谦qiān,以yǐ制zhì礼lǐ复fù,以yǐ自zì知zhī恒héng,以yǐ一yī德dé损sǔn,以yǐ远yuǎn害hài益yì,以yǐ兴xìng利lì困kùn,以yǐ寡guǎ怨yuàn井jǐng,以yǐ辨biàn义yì巽xùn,以yǐ行háng权quán。 

第dì八bā章zhāng

易yì之zhī为wéi书shū也yě,不bú可kě远yuǎn
为wéi道dào也yě,屡lǚ迁qiān。 变biàn动dòng不bú居jū,周zhōu流liú注zhù虚xū,上shàng下xià无wú常cháng,刚gāng柔róu相xiàng易yì,不bú可kě为wéi曲qǔ要yào,唯wéi变biàn所suǒ适shì。 

其qí出chū入rù以yǐ度dù,外wài内nèi使shǐ知zhī惧jù,又yòu明míng於yú忧yōu患huàn与yǔ故gù,无wú有yǒu帅shuài保bǎo,如rú临lín父fù母mǔ。 

初chū率lǜ其qí辞cí,而ér揆kuí其qí方fāng,既jì有yǒu曲qǔ常cháng。 苟gǒu非fēi其qí人rén,道dào不bú虚xū行háng。 

第dì九jiǔ章zhāng

易yì之zhī为wéi书shū也yě,原yuán始shǐ要yào终zhōng,以yǐ为wéi质zhì也yě。 六liù爻yáo相xiàng杂zá,唯wéi其qí时shí物wù也yě。 

其qí初chū难nán知zhī,其qí上shàng易yì知zhī,本běn末mò也yě。 初chū辞cí拟nǐ之zhī,卒zú成chéng之zhī终zhōng。 若ruò夫fū杂zá物wù撰zhuàn德dé,辨biàn是shì与yǔ非fēi,则zé非fēi其qí中zhōng爻yáo不bú备bèi。 

噫yī!亦yì要yào存cún亡wáng吉jí凶xiōng,则zé居jū可kě知zhī矣yǐ。 知zhī者zhě观guān其qí彖tuàn辞cí,则zé思sī过guò半bàn矣yǐ。 

二èr与yǔ四sì位wèi,同tóng功gōng而ér异yì位wèi,其qí善shàn不bú同tóng,二èr多duō誉yù,四sì多duō惧jù,近jìn也yě。 柔róu之zhī为wéi道dào,不bú利lì远yuǎn者zhě,其qí要yào无wú咎jiù,其qí用yòng柔róu中zhōng也yě。 三sān与yǔ五wǔ,同tóng功gōng而ér异yì位wèi,三sān多duō凶xiōng,五wǔ多duō功gōng,贵guì贱jiàn之zhī等děng也yě。 其qí柔róu危wēi,其qí刚gāng胜shèng邪xié?

第dì十shí章zhāng

易yì之zhī为wéi书shū也yě,广guǎng大dà悉xī备bèi,有yǒu天tiān道dào焉yān,有yǒu人rén道dào焉yān,有yǒu地dì道dào焉yān。 兼jiān三sān才cái而ér两liǎng之zhī,故gù六liù
六liù者zhě非fēi它tā也yě,三sān才cái之zhī道dào也yě。 道dào有yǒu变biàn动dòng,故gù曰yuē爻yáo爻yáo有yǒu等děng,故gù曰yuē物wù物wù相xiàng杂zá,故gù曰yuē文wén文wén不bú当dāng,故gù吉jí凶xiōng生shēng焉yān。 

第dì十shí一yī章zhāng

易yì之zhī兴xìng也yě,其qí当dāng殷yīn之zhī末mò世shì,周zhōu之zhī盛shèng德dé邪xié?当dāng文wén王wáng与yǔ纣zhòu之zhī事shì邪xié?是shì故gù其qí辞cí危wēi。 危wēi者zhě使shǐ平píng,易yì者zhě使shǐ倾qīng,其qí道dào甚shèn大dà,百bǎi物wù不bú废fèi。 惧jù以yǐ终zhōng始shǐ,其qí要yào无wú咎jiù,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi易yì之zhī道dào也yě。 

第dì十shí二èr章zhāng

夫fū乾qián,天tiān下xià之zhī至zhì健jiàn也yě,德dé行háng恒héng,易yì以yǐ知zhī险xiǎn。 夫fū坤kūn,天tiān下xià之zhī至zhì顺shùn也yě,德dé行háng恒héng简jiǎn以yǐ知zhī阻zǔ。 

能néng说shuō诸zhū心xīn,能néng研yán诸zhū侯hóu之zhī虑lǜ,定dìng天tiān下xià之zhī吉jí凶xiōng,成chéng天tiān下xià之zhī亹wěi亹wěi者zhě。 

是shì故gù,变biàn化huà云yún为wéi,吉jí事shì有yǒu祥xiáng,象xiàng事shì知zhī器qì,占zhàn事shì未wèi来lái。 

天tiān地dì设shè位wèi,圣shèng人rén成chéng能néng,人rén谋móu鬼guǐ谋móu,百bǎi姓xìng与yǔ能néng。 

八bā卦guà以yǐ象xiàng告gào,爻yáo彖tuàn以yǐ情qíng言yán,刚gāng柔róu杂zá居jū,而ér吉jí凶xiōng可kě见jiàn矣yǐ!

变biàn动dòng以yǐ利lì言yán,吉jí凶xiōng以yǐ情qíng迁qiān。 是shì故gù,爱ài恶è相xiàng攻gōng而ér吉jí凶xiōng生shēng
远yuǎn近jìn相xiàng取qǔ而ér悔huǐ吝lìn生shēng,情qíng伪wěi相xiàng感gǎn而ér利lì害hài生shēng。 凡fán易yì之zhī情qíng,近jìn而ér不bú相xiàng得dé则zé凶xiōng或huò害hài之zhī,悔huǐ且qiě吝lìn。 

将jiāng叛pàn者zhě,其qí辞cí惥yǒng,中zhōng心xīn疑yí者zhě其qí辞cí枝zhī,吉jí人rén之zhī辞cí寡guǎ,躁zào人rén之zhī辞cí多duō,诬wū善shàn之zhī人rén其qí辞cí游yóu,失shī其qí守shǒu者zhě其qí辞cí屈qū。